INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
कम्प्यूटर शब्द की उत्पत्ति कम्प्यूट शब्द से हुई हैं, जिसका अर्थ हैं गणना करना। अतः बोलचाल की भाषा में इसे एक कैलकुलेटिंग डिवाइस माना जाता हैं जो एरिथमेटिक और लॉजिकल ऑपेरशन को तेजी के साथ कर सकता हैं परन्तु आज इसकी परिभाषा ही बदल गयी हैं क्योंकि अब कम्प्यूटर का उपयोग सिर्फ गणना तक सीमित नहीं हैं, आज इसका उपयोग म्यूजिक, ग्राफिक्स , इंटरनेट आदि कई अन्य क्षेत्र में भी हो रहा हैं। अतः अब कह सकतें हैं की यह एक इलेक्ट्रानिक डिवाइस हैं जो डाटा को एक्सेप्ट करता हैं, और एक विस्तृत स्टेप-बाई-स्टेप प्रोसेसिंग के बाद उसे इनफार्मेशन में बदलता हैं और आउटपुट रिजल्ट प्रस्तुत करता हैं। यह डाटा को एक्सेप्ट, स्टोर और उन्हें मैनीपुलेट करता हैं।
Objective:- In this chapter we will discuss about history of computer, Generation of computer, Input/output devices, storage devices, hardware and software, languages, basic operations, multimedia and Entertainment.
What is Computer?:- Computer is an electronic device which is capable of receiving data and performing a sequence of operations in accordance with a predetermined but variable set of procedural instructions (program) to produce a result in the form of information or signals.
Types of Computer:- Computer has been categorized in the following parts likewise...
- Analog Computer
- Digital Computer
- Hybrid Computer
Digital Computer:- Digital Computer are the most commonly used computer on a digital technique which is widely used and preferred now-a-days. This kind of computers uses micro processor technology which is quite digital and able to calculate and execute million of instruction within a second. This also comes under kind of categories as we can see downwards...
Micro Computer:- The processor is very small so that called Micro processor and device is called Micro Computer. Micro Computer is single user device example: Desktop, Laptop, Palmtop, Notebook, PDA etc.
यह सर्वाधिक छोटा कंप्यूटर होता हैं जिसमें एएलयू और सीपीयू एक ही चिप लगे होतें हैं।
Mini Computer:- The processor of Mini Computer is small but larger than Micro processor. Mini Computer is multi user device generally used in designing company for commercial use.
Mainframe Computer:- It has larger processor and multiuuse device. Number of users is more than Mini Computer. This is multiuser and multitasking mostly used in Metrology.
Super Computer:- The processor is biggest than other Computer and processing capacity is highest than other devices. It is Multi user fastest calculating device, generally used in nuclear science for calculation purpose. CRAY-I is the first Super Computer. India's First Super Computer is PARAM-10000.
Hybrid Computer:- The kind of computer comes with both characteristics (digital and analog) are called hybrid. This is used there where it needs to calculate both the digital and analog data for e.g. In Hospitals.
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