CLIMATE CHANGE AND INDIA
Climate change is now considered one of the most prominent challenges of our time, with a warming planet being a persent-day reality, rather than a potential future threat. The problem has been thrust into public consciousness ever since scientific consensus emerged that "warming of the climate system is unequivocal" and that "most of the observed increase in global average temperature since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic green house gas concentration. "Anyone who has experienced the increasing intensity of sizzling temperature in India over the past two decades would find it hard to have any doubts as to whether our planet is warming. It has become routine to see the scorching heat gripping many parts of India during summer months, with the mercury shooting up to as high as 48+degrees Celsius (118.4 degrees fahrenheit) and causing thousands of deaths of vulnerable people. In the last four years, India has seen as many as over 4,620 deaths caused by heat waves, according to data published by the Ministry of Earth Sciences. The increased frequency and severity of these heat waves are blamed on the altering global weather patterns as a result of climate change due to human emissions of green house gases (GHGs), including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, among others.
Already one of the most disaster-prone nations in the world, India is considered to be extremely vulnerable to these effects Its dense coastal populations could be hit hard by rising sea levels, while changing weather patterns may negatively impact agricultural and food security. They could also lead to acute water shortage and deadly disease outbreaks. The potential adverse implications of unabated GHG emissions have placed New Delhi in a tough spot, up with measures to cut the nations's high carbon footprint while not jeopardizing its economic growth prospects. In per capita terms, India's emissions are only one-third of the global average and far lower than the richer countries or Asian peers such as China but in absolute terms, the South Asian nation is one of the major emitters of green house gases, currently accounting for over 4.5 percent of global GHG concentrations, behind only Chian, the United States and the 28-nation European Union bloc. India's energy sector is a significant contributing factor. Asia's third-biggest economy relies on coal for around 60 percent of its total electricity generation and the fossil fuel remains a vital element in the nations's long-term energy strategy. India's efforts to boost economic growth and development by rapidly industrializing and transforming itself into a manufacturing hub are set to drastically increase to demand for energy in a sixth of the world's population. Climate change impact on agriculture and forest ecosystem.
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